Septic tank

A septic tank is an underground chamber made of concrete, fiberglass, or plastic through which domestic wastewater (sewage) flows for basic sewage treatment. Settling and anaerobic digestion processes reduce solids and organics, but the treatment efficiency is only moderate. Septic tank systems are a type of simple onsite sewage facility.

They can be used in areas that are not connected to a sewerage system, such as rural areas.
The treated liquid effluent is commonly disposed in a septic drain field, which provides further treatment.
Nonetheless, groundwater pollution may occur and is a problem.

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Source: Wikipedia · Image: Wikimedia Commons · CC BY-SA 4.0

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